Camera operating mechanism



Sept. 19, 1933. H. E. D YC HE CAMERA OPERATING MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet1 Original Filed June 16 Sept. 19, 1933.

H. E. D YCHE CAMERA OPERATING MECHANISM Original Filed June 16. 1926 3Sheets-Sheet H. E. DYCHE CAMERA OPERATING MEQHANIM Original Filed June16 1926 Sept. 19, 1933.

Reissued Sept. 19, 1933 Re. 18,956

Howard E. Dyche, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Original No. 1,824,469, dated September 22, 1931,

Serial No. 116,344, June 16, 1926. Application. for reissue August 9,1933. Serial No. 684,439

1.5 Claims. (Cl. 234-15) The present invention relates to cameraopertions respectively of the camera illustrated in ating mechanisms,and more particularly to gure 1; mechanisms for the remote control ofcameras Figure 6 isa top plan view of the same mechautilizing movingfilm. I nism; v r

The selecting and recording of a particular igure 7 is aperspective viewshowing'parts of 6 group of light rays from a continuous series oftheclutch operating mechanism; rapidly changing light phenomena isattended Figure 8 is a sectional view of the shutter with diillcultieswhen attempted by manually c osinghammer; I controlled .cam'eras. Thisis particularly true igure 9 is a cross section on the line IX-JX 10when the manifestation it is desired to record is of Figure 8;

of very short duration, as in the case of oscillo Figure 10 is aperspective view of the film grams. With the manually controlledapparatus, guide;

the operator must use his judgment in starting gure 11 is a diagrammaticview of a movand stopping the recording mechanism, and it is ing picturecamera embodyingmy ve and 15 not unusual for him to entirely miss theparticu- Figure 12 is a perspective view of the adjust- 70 la;phenomenon he to record, able switch [158d t0 determine the length Offilm As an example of the diillculties encountered, p sed. let us takethe case of the determination oi the Referring to Figure 1, there isshown diagramfluctuations in voltage or current which attend cally anoscillograph comprising a light tight the operation of a circuitbreaker. In a case 01' x 2 conta ng three oscillograp elements 75 thiskind the electrical fluctuations are extreme-' preferably of theDuddelllyp 'ly rapid and are. of short duration. By means The Duddelloscillograph is well understood in of an oseillograph, the electricalphenomena are this art and need not bedescribed in detail. An recordedas variations in the amplitude of osciilaraph vvi a r sts ss nt a y of ations of a light beam. The light beam is recorded single turn of finewire. preferably flattened, held on a rapidly moving strip of film. nwiube under s and disposed side by side between readily understood,therefore, that the instants of the D Pieces 1' 8 mfl'gnet- A a or sstarting and stopping-the film are important, in secured to th 1009 iWire- 81119-11 P0111011 0! that a, late exposure uses too much film andmay the current whose alternations 01' oscillations are miss theinformation desired. An early exposure to be recorded is pa d t o h e e1 1 will ,1 i th information de ir d, I a h whereby the mirror isturned, the mirror movea limit d length of m i provided i th daymentsfollowing the momentary current values. light loading film cartridgesnow in use, it is de- A beam of light is reflected from the mirror to asirable to conserve the film in the recording recording m ving fi m upwhich the D 35 mechan1sm ment of the light beam is recorded as a wave gI prqvi'de an electrically-controlled camera qpoutline which correspondsto the electric current crating mechanism which starts the recordingWavesfilm moving at the beginning of the phenomenon The camera- 8 themoving mm 13 1 is desired to record and stops the m when dicated at 4.Illumination for recording purposes predetermined mm length has passed.Further is provided by a suitablelight source 5, such as advantages ormy invention lie m the synchm an arc lamp or high power incandescentlamp mm mum in]: whose light is reflected upon the mirrors of the with zg g g zg if of fi gf osclllograph elements 3 by mirrors 6, undesirable fIn th th light being cut oil by adjustable screens '7. The

45 e accompanying wings ere are light beams reflected from the mirrorsofthe shown, for purposes of illustration only, the present preferredembodiment of my invention, in fifig g f fif fi concen which-q Thecamera 4 is mounted upon guides 9 fixed Fi ure 1 is a diagramma i VI W8n ordinal! into the body-portion 2. This construction makes 50 Duddelliii rsph embodying my invention: the camera 4 readily removable forloading, or

Figure 2 is a wiring diagram showing connecother purpose, withoutdisturbing the remaind tions to the various parts of the mechanism; ofthe oscillograph mechanism. 1

Figure 3 is a front elevation of a camera em Adjacent the camera 4, andfixed to the body portion 2, is a motor 10 formovlng the film in bodyingmy invention; no Figures 4 and 6 are right and left side elevathe camera4. Connection between the motor 10 and the camera 4 is effected by meansof aclutch having engaging disks 11 and 12. The clutch disk 11iscontinuously driven by the motor 10,

which is preferably of an adjustable speed type,

so that any speed of film movement required may be obtained." I

The camera, as illustrated in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6, comprises a bodyportion 13 having an aperture 14 closed by a shutter 15. The shutter 15,carried on a rod 16 which is slidably guided in a block 17,

' obvious that, with the safety latch 15? inoperative,

the aperture 14 may be opened by disengaging the trip lever 19 from theend of the shutter rod 16, whereby the tension spring 18 becomeseffective for raising the shutter 15. Disengaging of the trip lever 19from the shutter rod 16 is effected by means of a solenoid 20, having anarmature 23, mounted on the body portion 13 at the back of the camera,as shown in Figures 4 and-6, and operatively connected to the trip lever19 through a bar 21 and a lever 22.

In order that the film may be started moving coincidently with theopening of the aperture 14, the clutch disk 12 is moved into engagementwith its cooperating clutch disk 11- by means of a connection to the bar21, whereby the solenoid 20 is made effective for simultaneously openingthe shutterand starting the film. For a better understanding of thismechanism, reference may be had to Figure 7, wherein there is shown thearmature 23 connected with the bar 21 which has a pivot point 24.Intermediate the pivot point 24 and the armature connection is a yoke 25which engages the bar 21 and is effective for moving a rod 26 whichcontrols the movement of a fork 27. The fork 2'1 engages the clutch disk12 in an annular groove 28 on the side thereof. The clutch disk 12 iscarried on a shaft 29 which extends through the camera body. Thedisengagement of the clutch parts is effected by means of a spring 30engaging the side of the camera body portion 13 and a pin 31 carried inthe rod 26, whereby the clutch disk 12 is normally urged away from the.clutch disk 11.

As shown in Figure 3, the shaft 29 carries a gear 32 engaging with asmaller gear 33 carried on the end of the shaft of the lower filmwinding spool 34, the film being woundthereon from an upper film spool85 over a guide plate 36. The film is therefore wound from the spool 35to the spool 34 when the clutch disks 11 and 12 are engaged.

Closing of the aperture 14 is effected by a hammer 3'7 carried on a rod38 and normally urged downwardly by springs 39 coiled about the rod 38.The hammer 3'7 which closes the shutter 15 by striking the top of theshutter rod 16, is shown in its raised or cooked position in Figure 4,being maintained in such position by a trigger 40 (Figure 8) havinga-body 41') and a reduced upper extremity 40 providing a step 40 adaptedto underlie the shank of the hammer. The hammer 37 has an opening 37' ofgreater area than the cross-section of the body 40 of the trigger 40 andinto which the trigger passes. When the parts are in the position shownin Figure 8 the extremity 40 of the trigger passes loosely within theopening 37' and the step 40 is in contact with the under surface of theshank of the hammer, whereby to hold the hammer againstcounter-clockwise rotation about the axis of the rod 38 under the actionof the springs 39. The trigger 40is pivoted at its lower extremity on apin 40* indicated diagrammatically in Figure 2, the axis of which isgenerally parallel to the axis of the rod 38. The upper extremity of thetrigger is normally urged toward'the right, viewing Figures 4 and 8, bya tension spring 41 (Figure 4). Therefore, the spring 41 is normallyeffective for holding the trigger in the position shown in Fi ure 8,whereby to maintain the hammer 37 in raised or cooked position.

For moving the trigger to release the hammer 37 there is provided alever 42 (Figure 6), pivoted at 42 and provided at its extremity with ahook 42 embracing the upper extremity 40 of the trigger 40. Pivoted tothe opposite extremity of the lever 42 atji2 is a link 43 pivoted to theupper extremity of a lever 43 indicated diagrammatically in Figure'2,the lower extremity of the v lever 43' being pivoted at 43'. Pivoted tothe lever 43 intermediate the ends thereof is the armature 44 of asolenoid 45.

Energizing of the solenoid 45 causes attraction of the armature 44 andconsequent movement thereof within the coil of the solenoid, suchmovement of the armature being effective through the lever 43, the link43 andthe lever 42 for moving the trigger 40 to release the hammer 3'7,permitting movement thereof under the action of the springs 39 .toeflect the closing of the aperture 14 as above explained. The lever 42transmits motion to and from the trigger 40, so the tension spring 41 ismade effective through the trigger 40 for retracting the armature44'from the solenoid 45 upon return. movement of the hammer 37 to cockedposition and when the solenoid is deenergized.

In order that motion of the film may be stopped coincidentally with theclosing of the shutter, I provide a cam 46 carried on the rod 38 andretated with the hammer 3'1. Contacting with the cam 46 is a lever 4'1,the lower end of which is provided with a friction pad 48, the pad 48being held adjacent the smooth surface on the side of the large drivinggear 32. The lever 47 having a pivot point 49 intermediate the cam 46and the friction pad 48, it will be evident from the drawings thatdownward movement of the hammer v3"! will be attended by downwardmovement of the cam 46, whereby the lever 4'7 willbe turned in suchmanner as to'press the friction pad 48 against the gear 32 and stop itsrotation, thereby stopping the film.

It will thus be seen that'I provide a camera mechanism wherein the filmis moved by a continuously rotating motor, connection between the motorand the mechanism being effected by a solenoid which simultaneouslyconnects the film' spool and the rotating motorand opens the camerashutter, and that another solenoid is prowhich current for the operationof the solenoids 20 and 45 is supplied. The contact buttons 50 and 51are connected with a source of current rent is supplied to the 001159through the triple pole switch'53from a suitable source 60 ofalternating current. The relay 5'7 serves to delay the time of openingthe shutter 15 until the apparatus being tested is operating under thedesired test conditions. As will be seen from the drawings, the triplepole switch 53 is effective for operating a remote. control switch orbreaker, indicated generally at 61, bycurrent supplied from a suitablesource 62.

Thus, it will be seen that the triple pole switch 52 simultaneouslyoperates the time relay 57, en-

ergizes the remote control switch 61, and controls the current suppliedto the camera operating mechanism. The shutter opening solenoid 20 isinoperative, however, until the time relay 5'7 has operated to connectthe contact button 52 and the wire 55. If it is desired to make anexposure substantially instantaneously as soon as the triple pole switch53 is closed, a switch 57, which parallels the time relay 57, may beclosed. The eifect of closing the switch 5'7. is to render the triplepole switch 53 the direct control means for the shutter opening solenoid20.

There is provided a source of current 65 from which leads 65' pass tothe remote control switch 61. Leading from the switch 61 are supplylines 64 which are adapted for connection with the apparatus beingtested. If it is desired to run a test with reference to the voltagecharacteristics of the apparatus being tested, there may be provided aresistance 64 connected in shunt between two of the lines 64 and havingleads.63 adapted for connection with the resistance 64 at desiredadjusted positions and passing to the oscillograph vibrators 3.Alternatively, for voltage determinations there may be utilized avoltage transformer having a primary 64 and a secondary 64.

The'primary is connected in shunt between two of the lines 64 and thesecondary has inductive relation to the primary, as is well understoodin the art. Connected with the secondary 64 are leads 63' which are forconnection with the oscillograph vibrators 3. In like manner for currentdeterminations there may be provided a-resistance 64 in series in one ofthe lines 64 and with which are connected leads 63 adapted to pass theoscillograph vibrators. Alternatively, for current readings there may beutilized an induction coil 64 acting as a secondary with respect to oneof the leads 64 which furnishes the primary current, leads 63' beingconnected with the coil 64 and being adapted for connection with theoscillograph vibrators 3. The manner of construction, connection andoperation of the various devices just decribed is well known. in theart.

Jlteferring now to the mechanism mounted on the camera body portionwherewith the camera is controlled, twill be seen that the shutteropening solenoid 20 is supplied with current from the contact button52-through'a wire 69. The return wire ,70 from the solenoid 20 leads toa switch 71 mounted on the back of the hammer 3'7, to the contact button50. From the drawings, it

3 will be evident that unless the hammer 27 isin its cocked position nocurrent can be supplied to the shutter opening solenoid 20, therebyavoiding the waste of film which would result if the clutch were closedand the film moved when no exposure were being made. But if the hammerhas been cooked,- the time when the shutter is opened will be determinedby the time relay 57. By this construction, I-providethat the instantthe hammer 37 falls, the current supply to the shutter opening solenoid20 is cut off, whereby the spring 30 becomes effective for disengagingthe clutch disk 12 from the cooperatingclutch disk'll, and the drivingpower to the film spool is cut err.

Referring to the shutter closing solenoid 45, it will be seen that itscurrent supply passes through a wire 72 connected to the wire '70 whichis in series with the switch '71, so that the solenoid 45 is likewiseinoperative unless the hammer 37 is cocked and the switch '71 closed.The return circuit through the solenoid 45 is made through a wire '73leading to a time switch '74 from which a wire '75 leads to contactbutton 51. From the diagram, it will be evident that if the hammer 37 iscocked and the triple pole switch 52 is closed,

the operation of the solenoid 45 will depend upon the time switch '74.

The time switch '74, as shown in Figures 6 and ing mechanism 82 isoperated by the shaft 29,

connection being made thereto by a shaft 84 engaging a collar 85fastened to the shaft 29. Thus, it will be seen that the angulardisplacement of the arm 79 is proportional to the angular displacementof the shaft 29 and, therefore, to the length of film exposed.

The disk 80 is frictionally engaged by the head 81 with sufficientforceto cause the arm 79 to' close the switch '74. But the operator maymanually displace the arm 79 against the friction force to any angularposition desired, thereby determining the length of film exposed beforethe switch 74 is closed. -If desired, graduations 80 (Figure. 12) markedon a plate 80" back of the disk 80, may readidirectly-in length of filmexposed, thereby materially facilitating setting the arm 79.

Inasmuch as the screw head 81 is geared to the shaft 29, the angulardisplacement of the head bears a definite relation to the amount of filmused, and hence the position of the slot 81- may be used as anindication of the length of film remaining to be exposed. Itis obviousthat any other suitable mark or guide could be employed. In calibratingthe current and voltage waves, it is not necessary that a large amountof film be used, but merely enough to'obtain' a record of a completeoscillation of the vibrators or Duddell elements. For this reason, it isdesirable to have some means whereby a short exposure may be had.Referring to Figure 2, it will be seen that the, time switch '74 isparalleled by a line 86 containing a push button 87 in series with aswitch 88 on the hammer 37, return from the switch 88 being completed bya line 89 connected to the wire 73. From the diagram, it will be obviousthat if the switch 88 were closed, pressing the push button '87 wouldhave the same effect as closing the time switch 74, the effect beingthat the solenoid 45 is energized and the hammer 37 is permitted tofall. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the switch 88 consists of a strap 90pinned to the hammer 37 and carrying spring contacts 91, which areeflective for closingthe circuit across contact pins 92, the contactpins extending through the hammer 37 in insulating bushings 93 to thetop of the hammer 37 where they make connection with the lead wires 86and 89. The switch 88 is closed by the shutter rod 16 when the shutter15 is in open or raised position. Using this construction, havingswitches 57 and 53 closed, it is possible to obtain an instantaneousexposure by simply closing the push button 87 for the instant theshutter 15 is raised the shutter rod 16 will strike the strap 90,closing the switch 88 and completing the circuit through the shutterclosing solenoid 45, whereby the hammer .37 is permittedto fall andclose the shutter 15 in the shortest possible time. In this way, aportion of film just long enough for calibration is used, and no film iswasted. I

It will be obvious that the camera operatingmechanism which I havedescribed may be applied to any type of camera body, but for oscil-.

lograph work I prefer the type of body disclosed herein. I As shown inFigure 4, the front and back of the body portion are hinged at thebottom corners 94 and 95 so the camera may be readily opened up foradjustment and inserting, film. The lower film spool, when. full, may bewithdrawn from the body portion through an opening normally closed by ascrew cap 96. As stated before, the camera body portion is preferablyarranged to rest upon guides 9 mounted on the body portion 2 of theoscillograph. In order that the optical alignment between the camera andthe oscillograph may not be destroyed each time the camera is removedfrom the guides 9, I pro-' vide cooperating guides 97 in the camera bodyportion adapted to cooperate with the guides 9 and firmly retain thecamera body portion there- ,on. I further provide a set screw 98 (Figure3) adapted to abut the end of one of the guides 9, thereby determiningthe position of the camera 4 relative to the oscillograph body 2.Locking the set screw 98 by a nut 99 not only provides the same opticaladjustment at all times, but also insures that the'clutch adjustmentshall always be the same, that is, the friction clutch 12 must alwaysmove to the same distance to engage the relatively fixed-clutch disk 11,which latter is attached to the motor 10. v

In Figure 11 there is shown diagrammatically a moving picture camerahaving a body portion 100 fitted with film spool holders 101 and 102.The film-is led from the upper film spool 103 across a sprocket 104, anintermediate sprocket 105, through an aperture plate 106. The film isdrawn across the aperture plate 106 by an intermittent sprocket 107 fromwhich it is led by a guide sprocket 104 "to the lower film spool 108. Afocusing lens 109 is provided in front of the camera body 100, andintermediate the lens 109 and the aperture plate 106 is interposed theusual rotary shutter 110. v i

In applying my invention to this camera, I provide an auxiliary shutter111 interposed between the lens 109 and the, rotary shutter 110. Theshutter 111 is carried on a rod 112 about which iscoiled a tensionspring 113 which norrent supplied mally urges the shutter upwardly. Iprovide that the shutter 111 shall be retained in its lower or closedposition by a trip rod 114 which is controlled by a solenoid 115 mountedon the back 'of the camera body portion 100, as diagrammaticallyindicated in the" drawings. The solenoid 115 is also made effective forstarting the film winding mechanism by a connection 116 between thesolenoid 115 and a clutch 117 mounted adjacent a drive shaft 118. Asshown in the drawings, the clutch 117 is attached to a sprocket 119 fromwhich all of the. film winding mechanism in the camera is driven. Itwill thus be seen that the,

drive shaft 118 may rotate continuously and the film winding mechanismwill not be affected by such rotation until the clutch 117 is operatedby the solenoid 115 to effect connection between the shaft 118 and themain driving sprocket 119. Thus, the solenoid 115 is effected foropening the shutter 111 and starting the film moving simultaneously withsuch opening.

On 'top of the camera body portion 100 I provide a solenoid 120efiective for operating a trigger 121, which latter is operativelyconnected to a hammer 122. The hammer 122 is normally urged in adownward direction by a tension spring 123, but is maintained in araised or cocked position by the trigger 121.

In a manner similar to the operation of the oscillograph camera, themotisn picture camera is operated by energizing the upon the clutch 117engages the drive shaft 118 and the main driving sprocket 119 isrotated, thereby driving the film winding mechanism. Simultaneous withthis operation, the trip lever 114 is moved, whereby the shutter 111 isreleased, the tension spring 113 immediately snapping the shutter 111upwardly. when the desired exposure has been made, the solenoid 120 isenergized through any suitable source of current (not shown), whereuponthe trigger 121 is released and the spring 123 becomes effective forstriking the hammer 122 against the shutter rod 112. thereby closing theshutter and stopping exposure. Simultaneous with this operation theclutch- 117 is released .by means of asuitable connection 124operatively connected between the clutch 117 and the armature of thesole- -ly from the camera. As applied to an oscillograph camera, Ipreferably provide that the curnism is controlled by a time relay, therelay being started at the time the apparatus being tested is suppliedwith current, whereby all guess work on the part of the operator iseliminated,

I further provide that the exposure may be automaticallystopped after apredetermined film length has passed. Means for making an instantaneousexposure is also provided.

While I have illustrated the preferred embodi ment of my invention, itwill be understood that it is not limited thereto, but maybe otherwiseto the camera operating mechasolenoid 115, where-' from the provision ofI embodied within the scope of the following. claims.

I claim:

1. In an operating mechanism for a camera having a shutter and using afilm spool, continuously rotating driving means, electrically operatedmeans for opening the shutter and simultaneously, connecting the filmspool with the drivingmeans, and electrically operated means for.closing the shutter and simultaneously disengaging the film spool fromthe driving means, substantially as described. I

2. In a camera operating mechanism, a film spool, a continuouslyrotating driving motor, a magnetically operated clutch for connectingthe film spool to the driving motor, a spring operated shutter releasedby the clutch operating mechanism whereby opening of the shutter toexpose the film is coincident with the starting of the film spool, aspring operated shutter closing hammer, magnetically operated meanspermitting the hammer to close the shutter, and a switch connected withthe magnetically operated means controlling the hammer, whereby thehammer is permitted to close the shutter after a predetermined length offilm has been exposed, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a camera having a shutter and using a movingfilm, of means, actuated by the shutter, controlling the movement of thefilm, substantially as described. I

4. The combination with a camera having a shutter and using a movingfilm, of a film spool, a continuously rotating driving motor, amagnetically operated clutch for connecting the film spool to thedriving motor, a spring operated shutter released by the clutchoperating mechanism whereby opening of the shutter is coincident withthe starting of the film spool, a spring operated shutter closinghammer, magnetically operated means permitting the hammer to close theshutter, and a circuit closer connected with the magnetically operatedmeans controlling the hammer, whereby the hammer is permitted to closethe shutter after a predetermined length of film has been exposed,substantially as described.

5. The combination with a camera using a moving film, of a film spool, acontinuously rotating driving motor, a magnetically operated clutch forconnecting the film spool with the driving motor, a spring operatedshutter releasedmagnetically operated means controlling the hammer,whereby ,the hammer is permitted to close the shutter after apredetermined length of film has been exposed, substantially asdescribed.

6. The combination with a camera using a moving film, of a film spool. acontinuously rotating driving motor, a magnetically operated clutch forconnecting the-film spool to the driving motor, a spring operatedshutter released by the clutch operating mechanism whereby opening ofthe shutter to expose the film is coincident with the starting of thefilm spool, .a spring operated shutter closing hammer, magneticallyoperated means permitting the hammer to close the shutter, means fordisengaging the film spool from the film spool to the driving motor, aspring operated shutter tripped by the clutch operating mechanismwhereby opening of the shutter to expose the film is coincident with thestarting of the film spool, a, shutter closing hammer, magneticallyoperated means permitting the hammer to close the shutter, a circuitcloser for permittingsuch shutter closing after a predetermined lengthof film has been exposed, and manually operated means whereby asubstantially instantaneous ex-, 5 posure may be had, substantially asdescribed.

8. Camera operating mechanism comprising a camera having a shutter andelectrically controlled closing means therefor, a source of electricalenergy, a switch normally closed by the shutter in its open position,the said switch being in series with the source of electrical energy andthe electrically controlled shutter closing means, and a manuallyoperated switch normally open in series with the last mentioned switch,whereby the latter may be madeeffective for connecting the source ofelectrical energy and the electricallycontrolled shutter closing means,substantially as described.

9. The combination of a camera having a shutter, electrically controlledclosing means therefor, means for exposing a relatively short length offilm comprisinga switch held closed by the shutter in its open position,the said switch being adapted to connect a current source to theelectrically controlled shutter closing means, and a manually operatedswitch in series with the last mentioned switch whereby the circuit tothe shutter operating switch and the electrically controlled shutterclosing means may be made complete, substantially as described.

10. The combination with means for testing electrical apparatus havingan electrically controlled camera operating mechanism with a source ofelectrical energy therefor, of a source of current supply, means wherebythe electrical apparatus being tested is connected to the source ofcurrent supply, switching means whereby the camera operating mechanismis connected to its source of electrical energy, the said switchingmeans being adapted to connect the camera operating mechanism with itssource of electrical energy after a predetermined time interval,substantially as described.

11. The combination with means for testing electrical apparatus, ofswitching means controlling the supply oi electrical current to theapparatus, and control meansfor the testing means efiective for settingthe testingmeans inoperation after the lapse of a time interval from thetime the control means is actuated, said switching means being alsoeffective for setting'in operation the control means for the testingmeans simultaneously with supplying electric current to the device beingtested, substantially as described.

12. The combination with an electrical device to be tested, or testingmeans having an electrically controlled camera, cameracontrol meanseiIective ior settingthe camera ir. operation after the lapse of a timeinterval irom the time the electrical device is set in operation, andswitching means for controlling the supply of electric current to theelectrical device, said switching means being also effective for settingthe camera control means in operation simultaneously with setting theelectrical device in operation, substantially as described.

1a. The combination with means for testing electrical apparatus, havingan electrically controlled camera operating mechanism, eta source ofelectrical energy for the camera operating mechanism, a circuit closereflective for controlling the flow of current to the electricalapparatus 7 being tested, said circuit closer being remotely controlled,a source of current supply for said circuit closer, a relay forconnecting the source of electrical energy to the camera operatingmechanism, and a switch for connecting, the

source of electrical energy to the camera operating mechanism, saidswitch being also effective for connecting the circuit closer with itssource of current supply, thereby acting as a remote control therefor,and also being effective for operating the relay, substantially asdescribed.

14. The combination with means for testing electrical apparatus, havingan indicator, a camera for recording variations thereof, and anelectrically controlled camera operating mechanism,

of a source of electrical energy for the camera operating mechanism, acircuit closer for controlling the fiow of current to the electricalapparatus being tested, said circuit closer being remotely controlled,means operatively connecting the indicator to the apparatus beingtested, whereby the indicator is responsive to variations in theoperation of the apparatus being tested, a source of current supply forthe circuit closer; a relay for connecting the source of electricalenergy to the camera operating mechanism, a source of current supply forthe relay, and a switch for connecting the source or electrical energyto the camera operating mechanism, said switch being also effective forconnecting the circuit closer with its source of current supply, therebyacting as aqemote control therefor, and also being efl'ective forconnecting the relay to its source of current, substantially asdescribed. I

-15. In an operating mechanism fora camera having a shutter and usinga'fllmspoo'l, continuously rotating driving means, and electricallyoperated means for opening the shutter and si- -multaneously connectingthe film spool with the driving means and for closing the shutter andsimultaneously disengaging the film spool from the driving means.

' HOWARD E. DYCHE.

